Tomatoes are the edible, pulpy berries of a plant in the nightshade family, Solanum, that is native to South America. They are usually large, rounded, and red, but can also be yellow, orange, green, or purple. Tomatoes can vary in size, shape, and color depending on the variety. They are often considered a vegetable and can be eaten raw or cooked.
Tomato plants are herbaceous, branching vines that can grow up to 2 meters tall with support. They have weak, woody stems and pinnate leaves with five to nine serrated leaflets. The leaves and vines are covered in short, fine hairs, and the plant produces small, five-petaled, yellow flowers. When pollinated, the flowers produce green berries that ripen into tomatoes. Each tomato contains at least two cells of small seeds surrounded by jelly-like pulp.
Tomatoes are moderately sensitive to soil salinity, and their yield can decrease at different levels of salinity. The most sensitive period is during germination and early plant development.
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