Mangoes (Mangifera indica) are fleshy fruits that grow on trees in tropical regions. They are part of the drupe family and are related to pistachios, cashews, and peanuts. Mangoes can vary in size, shape, color, and taste, with some cultivars weighing up to 1 kg. They are typically 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long and are green when unripe, turning orange-reddish as they ripen over 3–6 months. Mangoes can be round, oval, heart-shaped, or kidney-shaped, with smooth, thin skin that can be green, red, yellow, purple, or a combination of these colors. The skin and pulp make up 85% of a mango’s weight, with the remaining 15% coming from the large, flat pit in the middle. Inside, the flesh is bright orange and soft, with a sweet, tangy flavor.
Mangoes are a major source of food in India, the West Indies, and other places. They are rich in vitamins A, C, and D, and are also a good source of dietary fiber. People eat mangoes fresh, in main dishes and desserts, and use them to make sauces called chutneys. Raw mangoes can also be used in pickles.
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